{"id":2949,"date":"2021-04-16T18:03:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-16T18:03:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/?p=2949"},"modified":"2023-10-27T14:37:09","modified_gmt":"2023-10-27T14:37:09","slug":"pourquoi-utilise-t-on-des-non-mots","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/pourquoi-utilise-t-on-des-non-mots\/","title":{"rendered":"Pourquoi utilise-t-on des non-mots ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2949\" class=\"elementor elementor-2949\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-da74e11 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"da74e11\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a21776a\" data-id=\"a21776a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c61d374 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c61d374\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Dans les exp\u00e9riences men\u00e9es au laboratoire, nous utilisons fr\u00e9quemment des non-mots, soit des mots invent\u00e9s.<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Par exemple, nous pouvons demander aux participants et participantes de <a href=\"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/comment-creer-une-experience-scientifique-sur-le-langage\/\">r\u00e9p\u00e9ter \u00e0 voix haute des mots invent\u00e9s<\/a>\u00a0qu\u2019ils entendent dans des \u00e9couteurs, ou encore de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/speechneurolab\/photos\/a.1903971323188326\/2301803383405116\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">d\u00e9terminer si deux non-mots sont\u00a0identiques<\/a>. Mais pourquoi ne pas utiliser de vrais mots ?!\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il existe une distinction importante entre les mots et les non-mots. Les vrais mots, que nous avons d\u00e9j\u00e0 entendus ou lus, sont emmagasin\u00e9s dans notre m\u00e9moire \u00e0 long terme avec leur signification. Un peu comme si les mots que nous connaissons \u00e9taient inscrits avec leur d\u00e9finition dans un dictionnaire mental. Ce dictionnaire est souvent appel\u00e9 le \u00ab\u00a0lexique mental\u00a0\u00bb. Lorsque nous entendons un mot qui nous est familier (p. ex.\u00a0<em>\u00ab<\/em>\u00a0<em>chien\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>), c\u2019est cette inscription en m\u00e9moire qui nous permet de reconna\u00eetre qu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019un mot r\u00e9el et d\u2019acc\u00e9der \u00e0 sa signification (p. ex.\u00a0<em>\u00ab<\/em>\u00a0<em>C\u2019est un animal \u00e0 quatre pattes<\/em>\u00a0<em>qui aime les os ! \u00bb<\/em>).\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbbe4fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dbbe4fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"511\" src=\"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Facebook-Non-mots-1024x654.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7508\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Facebook-Non-mots-1024x654.png 1024w, https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Facebook-Non-mots-300x191.png 300w, https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Facebook-Non-mots-768x490.png 768w, https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Facebook-Non-mots-1536x980.png 1536w, https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Facebook-Non-mots-540x345.png 540w, https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Facebook-Non-mots-860x549.png 860w, https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Facebook-Non-mots-1170x747.png 1170w, https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Facebook-Non-mots.png 1880w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ceb47f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ceb47f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les non-mots, contrairement aux mots, ne sont pas emmagasin\u00e9s dans notre m\u00e9moire \u00e0 long terme puisqu\u2019ils sont nouveaux, que nous&nbsp;n\u2019y&nbsp;avons jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 expos\u00e9s. Ainsi, pour r\u00e9p\u00e9ter correctement un non-mot (p. ex.&nbsp;<em>\u00ab p\u00e9rouli \u00bb<\/em>), il faut avoir bien per\u00e7u chacun des sons qui le compose (p. ex.&nbsp;<em>p-\u00e9-r-ou-l-i<\/em>). Si un seul des sons a \u00e9t\u00e9 mal per\u00e7u, une erreur sera commise. Par exemple, si j\u2019entends le son \u00ab \u00e8 \u00bb au lieu du son \u00ab \u00e9 \u00bb, je risque de prononcer \u00ab p\u00e8rouli \u00bb plut\u00f4t que \u00ab&nbsp;p\u00e9rouli&nbsp;\u00bb. Avec les mots r\u00e9els, une difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 percevoir les sons de la parole peut \u00eatre compens\u00e9e par nos connaissances de la langue. Par exemple, imaginons qu\u2019on vous demande de r\u00e9p\u00e9ter une liste de mots, incluant le mot \u00ab&nbsp;b\u00e9ton&nbsp;\u00bb. M\u00eame si vous entendiez le son \u00ab \u00e8 \u00bb au lieu du son \u00ab \u00e9 \u00bb, vous pourriez parvenir \u00e0 r\u00e9p\u00e9ter le mot correctement, puisque vous savez que le mot \u00ab&nbsp;b\u00e8ton&nbsp;\u00bb n\u2019existe pas.&nbsp;<br><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u2019utilisation de non-mots permet donc d\u2019\u00e9tudier l\u2019habilet\u00e9 \u00e0 percevoir les sons de la parole, en minimisant la contribution des connaissances li\u00e9es aux mots r\u00e9els, emmagasin\u00e9s dans notre m\u00e9moire \u00e0 long terme. D\u2019ailleurs, ces connaissances li\u00e9es au lexique mental sont de l\u2019ordre du langage et non de la parole (pour plus d\u2019information, lisez notre&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/differences-entre-la-parole-le-langage-et-la-communication\/\">article sur la diff\u00e9rence entre parole et langage<\/a>). C\u2019est pourquoi plusieurs membres de notre laboratoire, qui&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/speechneurolab\/posts\/2301807396738048\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00e9tudient l\u2019habilet\u00e9 \u00e0 percevoir<\/a>&nbsp;ou&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/speechneurolab\/posts\/2231914557060666\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">produire<\/a>&nbsp;les sons de la parole, utilisent des non-mots !<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-91ddb74 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"91ddb74\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-39adc1a\" data-id=\"39adc1a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4111d78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4111d78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lectures sugg\u00e9r\u00e9es:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/comment-creer-une-experience-scientifique-sur-le-langage\/\">Comment cr\u00e9er une exp\u00e9rience scientifique sur le langage ?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/differences-entre-la-parole-le-langage-et-la-communication\/\">Diff\u00e9rences entre la parole, le langage et la communication<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/bout-de-langue\/\">Bout de langue<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/les-fonctions-cognitives\/\">Les fonctions cognitives<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dans les exp\u00e9riences men\u00e9es au laboratoire, nous utilisons fr\u00e9quemment des non-mots, soit des mots invent\u00e9s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7508,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[49,263,52,245,262,62,59,88],"ppma_author":[55,54],"class_list":["post-2949","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vulgarisation-scientifique","tag-langage","tag-lexique","tag-memoire","tag-mots","tag-nonmot","tag-parole","tag-perception","tag-recherche"],"authors":[{"term_id":55,"user_id":3,"is_guest":0,"slug":"admin-marilyne","display_name":"Marilyne Joyal","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"","user_url":"","last_name":"Joyal","first_name":"Marilyne","job_title":"","description":""},{"term_id":54,"user_id":2,"is_guest":0,"slug":"admin-pascale","display_name":"Pascale Tremblay","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ea9e5826afc1fd507cc7b89eaca37953ea310ad30088c3920137ab8e86846244?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"","user_url":"","last_name":"Tremblay","first_name":"Pascale","job_title":"","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2949","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2949"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2949\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9004,"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2949\/revisions\/9004"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7508"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2949"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2949"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2949"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agenceconceptk.net\/speechneurolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=2949"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}